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Elasticsearch学习笔记（二）

Elasticsearch

发布于：Jun 29, 2020

次浏览

数据查询

返回所有记录

请求方法：GET，路径：/index/type/_search

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curl --location --request GET 'localhost:9200/blog/doc/_search'
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{
    "took": 6,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 1,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1.0,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "blog",
                "_type": "doc",
                "_id": "jV3J-HIBNIzRDJgGMzQj",
                "_score": 1.0,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "java编程思想",
                    "price": 99.99,
                    "description": "本书赢得了全球程序员的广泛赞誉，即使是最晦涩的概念，在Bruce Eckel的文字亲和力和小而直接的编程示例面前也会化解于无形。从Java的基础语法到最高级特性（深入的面向对象概念、多线程、自动项目构建、单元测试和调试等），本书都能逐步指导你轻松掌握。",
                    "author": "埃克尔"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

其中字段含义：

  • total:返回记录的条数
  • hits:返回记录的数组
  • max_score:最高匹配的程度

全文本查询

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curl --location --request POST 'http://localhost:9200/blog/doc/_search' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data-raw '{
    "query":{
        "match":{
            "title":"java"
        }
    }
}'
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{
    "took": 1,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 3,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 0.40388194,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "blog",
                "_type": "doc",
                "_id": "jV3J-HIBNIzRDJgGMzQj",
                "_score": 0.40388194,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "java编程思想",
                    "price": 99.99,
                    "author": "埃克尔"
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "blog",
                "_type": "doc",
                "_id": "Jsrp_XIBKoNLJaiRi4mV",
                "_score": 0.35667494,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "Java并发编程实战",
                    "price": 69,
                    "author": " Brian Goetz"
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "blog",
                "_type": "doc",
                "_id": "J8rq_XIBKoNLJaiRW4n4",
                "_score": 0.33698124,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "Effective java 中文版（第2版）",
                    "price": 52.00,
                    "author": " [美] Joshua Bloch"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

由返回的结果可以看出，elasticsearch返回了标题为java的文档，但match是模糊匹配，他会把查询的词先进行分词然后再去查询。例如下图的示例

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curl --location --request POST 'http://localhost:9200/blog/doc/_search' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data-raw '{
    "query":{
        "match":{
            "title":"编程思想"
        }
    }
}'
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{
    "took": 2,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 2,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 4.296419,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "blog",
                "_type": "doc",
                "_id": "jV3J-HIBNIzRDJgGMzQj",
                "_score": 4.296419,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "java编程思想",
                    "price": 99.99,
                    "author": "埃克尔"
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "blog",
                "_type": "doc",
                "_id": "Jsrp_XIBKoNLJaiRi4mV",
                "_score": 1.3862944,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "Java并发编程实战",
                    "price": 69,
                    "author": " Brian Goetz"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

由上图结果可以看到的确是进行了分词，那如果我们有时候不想要这样查询呢？我们可以换一个关键字match_phrase

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curl --location --request POST 'http://localhost:9200/blog/doc/_search' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data-raw '{
    "query":{
        "match_phrase":{
            "title":"编程思想"
        }
    }
}'
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{
    "took": 100,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 1,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 4.296419,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "blog",
                "_type": "doc",
                "_id": "jV3J-HIBNIzRDJgGMzQj",
                "_score": 4.296419,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "java编程思想",
                    "price": 99.99,
                    "author": "埃克尔"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

多字段查询

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{
    "query":{
        "multi_match":{
            "query":"java",
            "fields":[
                "title",
                "description"
            ]
        }
    }
}

语法查询

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{
    "query":{
        "query_string":{
            "query":"编程思想 and c++"
        }
    }
}

字段查询

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更新于：Feb 13, 2023

Elasticsearch